Know About The Causes Of Infertility In Male Partner

Though historically we have considered infertility is a woman's cross to bear, the truth is that male factor infertility accounts for nearly 30-40 percent of all cases, with 50 percent is attributed to a combination of male and female factors. The shocking stat is for about one in five infertile couples the problem lies solely in the male partner. Worldwide reports suggest that one in 20 men has some kind of fertility problem with low numbers of sperm in his ejaculate and about one in every 100 men has no sperm in his ejaculate.

Most men have a limited awareness of risk factors that contribute to the inability to make his partner conceive naturally. According to the study published in the November issue of the journal Human Reproduction, showed that men could identify only about half of the potential risks and health conditions that could considerably affect their sperm count and fertility.

Most men were able to identify well-known risk factors such as cancer, smoking, and drugs use, the study found. However, significantly fewer were aware that things like obesity, using portable computers on their lap, frequent bicycling, etc are also were risk factors. This lack of awareness is on the higher side in India. The potential factor in men’s lack of knowledge is the fact that most communication and research around the subject of fertility is concentrated toward women.

According to the Indian Society of Assisted Reproduction, infertility currently affects about 10-15 percent of the Indian population, with higher rates in urban areas where one out of six couples is impacted. Nearly 30 million couples actively trying to conceive suffer from infertility in India. Knowledge about reproductive health reduces the stigma associated with infertility and empowers people to take charge of their health. If men are more aware of lifestyle factors associated with infertility, they can take actions to promote their reproductive health and their overall health.

The common causes of male infertility

The causes that contribute to male factor infertility can be generally categorized as follows:

• Medical Causes.
• Lifestyle Causes.
• Environmental Causes.

The main reasons are

• Gonad disorder (30-40%)
• Sperm transport disorder (10-20%)
• Unknown causes (40-50%)
• A hypothalamic or pituitary disorder (1-2%)

Medical causes:

• Hormone Imbalances: They account for almost 10% of all male factor infertility worldwide. Hormonal imbalances that are related to malfunctioning systems such as the pituitary, hypothalamus, thyroid, adrenal glands etc
• Problems with the testicles: this includes testicular torsion, abnormal growth or development, or testicular trauma and infections
• Problems with the flow of sperm within the male reproductive organs: this includes blocked tubes that transport sperm, retrograde ejaculation, varicose veins (varicoceles) within the scrotum, genital infections etc
• Erectile Dysfunction: Erectile dysfunction can include the inability to keep or maintain an erection, prevents intercourse so it can cause impact, in that way, on your ability to produce a baby if left untreated.
• Inherited or chromosomal disorders: Cystic fibrosis and Klinefelter's syndrome etc
• General illnesses: Including cirrhosis, kidney diseases ( such as Polycystic kidney disease) and malnutrition
• Celiac Disease: Celiac disease can cause male infertility. This is a digestive disorder that’s characterized by sensitivity to gluten. Infertility usually occurs because the untreated patients with celiac disease doesn't produce enough sperm or have much higher rates of abnormal sperm, along with abnormal hormonal levels
• Medications: Certain medications can disrupt sperm production, function and delivery. These medications are most often given to treat health problems like depression, arthritis, digestive problems, infections, high blood pressure, cancer etc

Lifestyle causes:

• There are quite a few lifestyle elements that are alleged of contributing to male infertility.
• overweight and obesity
• Emotional stress.
• Drug and Alcohol abuse.
• Tobacco.
• Some doctors consider certain occupational reasons, like welding, truck driving, bakers, ceramic oven operators etc can contribute to male infertility, but this has not been confirmed yet.
• Other contributing factors are things like wearing tight clothes, using saunas and hot tubs frequently could lower your sperm count.

Environmental Causes

There are several environmental factors that can contribute to male factor infertility and some confirmed factors known to cause male factor infertility are:

• Radiation
• Heavy metal exposure and Industrial chemicals
• Exposure to pesticides, solvents and other chemicals

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